05 Docker 基础 - 常见命令

官方文档

Use the Docker command line | Docker Docs

docker command

bash

❯ docker --help

Usage:  docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND

A self-sufficient runtime for containers

Common Commands:
  run         Create and run a new container from an image
  exec        Execute a command in a running container
  ps          List containers
  build       Build an image from a Dockerfile
  pull        Download an image from a registry
  push        Upload an image to a registry
  images      List images
  login       Log in to a registry
  logout      Log out from a registry
  search      Search Docker Hub for images
  version     Show the Docker version information
  info        Display system-wide information

Management Commands:
  builder     Manage builds
  buildx*     Docker Buildx (Docker Inc., v0.11.2)
  compose*    Docker Compose (Docker Inc., v2.21.0)
  container   Manage containers
  context     Manage contexts
  image       Manage images
  manifest    Manage Docker image manifests and manifest lists
  network     Manage networks
  plugin      Manage plugins
  system      Manage Docker
  trust       Manage trust on Docker images
  volume      Manage volumes

Swarm Commands:
  swarm       Manage Swarm

Commands:
  attach      Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
  commit      Create a new image from a container's changes
  cp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
  create      Create a new container
  diff        Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
  events      Get real time events from the server
  export      Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
  history     Show the history of an image
  import      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
  inspect     Return low-level information on Docker objects
  kill        Kill one or more running containers
  load        Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
  logs        Fetch the logs of a container
  pause       Pause all processes within one or more containers
  port        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
  rename      Rename a container
  restart     Restart one or more containers
  rm          Remove one or more containers
  rmi         Remove one or more images
  save        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
  start       Start one or more stopped containers
  stats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
  stop        Stop one or more running containers
  tag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
  top         Display the running processes of a container
  unpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containers
  update      Update configuration of one or more containers
  wait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes

Global Options:
      --config string      Location of client config files (default "/home/ubuntu/.docker")
  -c, --context string     Name of the context to use to connect to the daemon (overrides DOCKER_HOST env var and default context set with "docker context use")
  -D, --debug              Enable debug mode
  -H, --host list          Daemon socket to connect to
  -l, --log-level string   Set the logging level ("debug", "info", "warn", "error", "fatal") (default "info")
      --tls                Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
      --tlscacert string   Trust certs signed only by this CA (default "/home/ubuntu/.docker/ca.pem")
      --tlscert string     Path to TLS certificate file (default "/home/ubuntu/.docker/cert.pem")
      --tlskey string      Path to TLS key file (default "/home/ubuntu/.docker/key.pem")
      --tlsverify          Use TLS and verify the remote
  -v, --version            Print version information and quit

Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

For more help on how to use Docker, head to https://docs.docker.com/go/guides/

docker image command

bash

❯ docker image --help

Usage:  docker image COMMAND

Manage images

Commands:
  build       Build an image from a Dockerfile
  history     Show the history of an image
  import      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
  inspect     Display detailed information on one or more images
  load        Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
  ls          List images
  prune       Remove unused images
  pull        Download an image from a registry
  push        Upload an image to a registry
  rm          Remove one or more images
  save        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
  tag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE

Run 'docker image COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

docker container command

bash

❯ docker container --help

Usage:  docker container COMMAND

Manage containers

Commands:
  attach      Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
  commit      Create a new image from a container's changes
  cp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
  create      Create a new container
  diff        Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
  exec        Execute a command in a running container
  export      Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
  inspect     Display detailed information on one or more containers
  kill        Kill one or more running containers
  logs        Fetch the logs of a container
  ls          List containers
  pause       Pause all processes within one or more containers
  port        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
  prune       Remove all stopped containers
  rename      Rename a container
  restart     Restart one or more containers
  rm          Remove one or more containers
  run         Create and run a new container from an image
  start       Start one or more stopped containers
  stats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
  stop        Stop one or more running containers
  top         Display the running processes of a container
  unpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containers
  update      Update configuration of one or more containers
  wait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes

Run 'docker container COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

docker 常见命令

命令	说明	文档地址
`docker pull`	拉取镜像	docker pull
`docker push`	推送镜像到 DockerRegistry	docker push
`docker images`	查看本地镜像	docker images
`docker rmi`	删除本地镜像	docker rmi
`docker run`	创建并运行容器（不能重复创建）	docker run
`docker stop`	停止指定容器	docker stop
`docker start`	启动指定容器	docker start
`docker restart`	重新启动容器	docker restart
`docker rm`	删除指定容器	docker rm
`docker ps`	查看容器	docker ps
`docker logs`	查看容器运行日志	docker logs
`docker exec`	进入容器	docker exec
`docker save`	保存镜像到本地压缩文件	docker save
`docker load`	加载本地压缩文件到镜像	docker load
`docker inspect`	查看容器详细信息	docker inspect

docker command

INFO

默认情况下，每次重启虚拟机我们都需要手动启动 Docker 和 Docker 中的容器。通过命令可以实现开机自启。

bash

# Docker 开机自启
systemctl enable docker

# Docker 容器开机自启
docker update --restart=always [容器名/容器id]

docker 常见命令演示

我们以 nginx 为例，演示一下常见命令的使用。

Nginx 镜像：nginx - Official Image | Docker Hub

docker pull 拉取镜像

bash

❯ docker pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
578acb154839: Pull complete
e398db710407: Pull complete
85c41ebe6d66: Pull complete
7170a263b582: Pull complete
8f28d06e2e2e: Pull complete
6f837de2f887: Pull complete
c1dfc7e1671e: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:86e53c4c16a6a276b204b0fd3a8143d86547c967dc8258b3d47c3a21bb68d3c6
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest

docker images 查看本地镜像

bash

❯ docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
nginx         latest    c20060033e06   37 hours ago   187MB
mysql         latest    a3b6608898d6   9 days ago     596MB
hello-world   latest    9c7a54a9a43c   6 months ago   13.3kB

docker run 创建并运行容器

bash

❯ docker run -d \
  --name nginx \
  -p 80:80 \
  nginx
29143181805fdc92ec8b9f1029fa709f1c4c9413c5991546100248fb9094eb6c

docker ps 查看容器

bash

❯ docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                                  NAMES
29143181805f   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   53 seconds ago   Up 52 seconds   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp                      nginx
0b9bf3779b50   mysql     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   55 minutes ago   Up 55 minutes   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   mysql

# 查看所有容器（包括已停止的）
❯ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE         COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS                         PORTS                                                  NAMES
29143181805f   nginx         "/docker-entrypoint.…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute              0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp                      nginx
0b9bf3779b50   mysql         "docker-entrypoint.s…"   56 minutes ago       Up 56 minutes                  0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   mysql
39805df2c14c   hello-world   "/hello"                 About an hour ago    Exited (0) About an hour ago                                                          goofy_allen

# 查看最近一次运行的容器
❯ docker ps -l
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                               NAMES
29143181805f   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   2 minutes ago   Up 2 minutes   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp   nginx

# 输出内容格式化 docker ps -a --format "table {{.ID}}\t{{.Image}}\t{{.Ports}}\t{{.Status}}\t{{.Names}}"
❯ docker ps --format "table {{.ID}}\t{{.Names}}\t{{.Image}}\t{{.Status}}"
CONTAINER ID   NAMES     IMAGE     STATUS
29143181805f   nginx     nginx     Up 4 minutes
0b9bf3779b50   mysql     mysql     Up 59 minutes

# 访问网页
❯ curl http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:80
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

docker stop 停止指定容器

bash

❯ docker stop nginx
nginx
❯ docker ps -a --format "table {{.ID}}\t{{.Image}}\t{{.Ports}}\t{{.Status}}\t{{.Names}}"
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE         PORTS                                                  STATUS                         NAMES
29143181805f   nginx                                                                Exited (0) 14 seconds ago      nginx
0b9bf3779b50   mysql         0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   Up About an hour               mysql
39805df2c14c   hello-world                                                          Exited (0) About an hour ago   goofy_allen
❯ curl http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:80
curl: (7) Failed to connect to xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx port 80 after 3 ms: Connection refused

docker start 启动指定容器

bash

❯ docker start nginx
nginx
❯ docker ps -a --format "table {{.ID}}\t{{.Image}}\t{{.Ports}}\t{{.Status}}\t{{.Names}}"
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE         PORTS                                                  STATUS                         NAMES
29143181805f   nginx         0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp                      Up 3 seconds                   nginx
0b9bf3779b50   mysql         0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   Up About an hour               mysql
39805df2c14c   hello-world                                                          Exited (0) About an hour ago   goofy_allen

docker restart 重新启动容器

bash

❯ docker restart nginx
nginx
❯ docker ps -a --format "table {{.ID}}\t{{.Image}}\t{{.Ports}}\t{{.Status}}\t{{.Names}}"
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE         PORTS                                                  STATUS                         NAMES
29143181805f   nginx         0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp                      Up 8 seconds                   nginx
0b9bf3779b50   mysql         0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   Up About an hour               mysql
39805df2c14c   hello-world                                                          Exited (0) About an hour ago   goofy_allen

docker inspect 查看容器详细信息

bash

❯ docker inspect nginx
[
    {
        "Id": "29143181805fdc92ec8b9f1029fa709f1c4c9413c5991546100248fb9094eb6c",
        "Created": "2023-11-02T17:51:17.487710841Z",
        "Path": "/docker-entrypoint.sh",
        "Args": [
            "nginx",
            "-g",
            "daemon off;"
        ],
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            ......
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "de6d810f21370c22aa024539030d3c709302c684d54d4b5c9a3a1eec61d0da95",
                    "EndpointID": "f413a9233b761c49e5daa82bbe96d3bf415018d9125f27c282f4624dc07d65b2",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.3",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:03",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]

docker logs 查看容器运行日志

bash

❯ docker logs nginx
/docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Getting the checksum of /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Enabled listen on IPv6 in /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
......
2023/11/02 18:00:43 [notice] 1#1: using the "epoll" event method
2023/11/02 18:00:43 [notice] 1#1: nginx/1.25.3
2023/11/02 18:00:43 [notice] 1#1: built by gcc 12.2.0 (Debian 12.2.0-14)
2023/11/02 18:00:43 [notice] 1#1: OS: Linux 5.15.0-88-generic
2023/11/02 18:00:43 [notice] 1#1: getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE): 1048576:1048576
2023/11/02 18:00:43 [notice] 1#1: start worker processes
2023/11/02 18:00:43 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 22
2023/11/02 18:00:43 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 23
2023/11/02 18:00:43 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 24
2023/11/02 18:00:43 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 25

docker exec 进入容器

bash

❯ docker exec -it nginx /bin/bash
root@29143181805f:/# ls
bin  boot  dev  docker-entrypoint.d  docker-entrypoint.sh  etc  home  lib  lib32  lib64  libx32  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
root@29143181805f:/#
exit

❯ docker exec -it mysql mysql -uroot -p123
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.2.0 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> ^DBye

❯ docker exec -it nginx /bin/ls -la
total 72
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Nov  2 17:51 .
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Nov  2 17:51 ..
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root    0 Nov  2 17:51 .dockerenv
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    7 Oct 30 00:00 bin -> usr/bin
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Sep 29 20:04 boot
drwxr-xr-x   5 root root  340 Nov  2 18:00 dev
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Nov  1 05:12 docker-entrypoint.d
-rwxrwxr-x   1 root root 1620 Nov  1 05:11 docker-entrypoint.sh
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Nov  2 17:51 etc
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Sep 29 20:04 home
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    7 Oct 30 00:00 lib -> usr/lib
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    9 Oct 30 00:00 lib32 -> usr/lib32
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    9 Oct 30 00:00 lib64 -> usr/lib64
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root   10 Oct 30 00:00 libx32 -> usr/libx32
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Oct 30 00:00 media
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Oct 30 00:00 mnt
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Oct 30 00:00 opt
dr-xr-xr-x 233 root root    0 Nov  2 18:00 proc
drwx------   1 root root 4096 Nov  2 18:04 root
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Nov  2 18:00 run
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    8 Oct 30 00:00 sbin -> usr/sbin
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Oct 30 00:00 srv
dr-xr-xr-x  13 root root    0 Nov  2 18:00 sys
drwxrwxrwt   1 root root 4096 Nov  1 05:12 tmp
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Oct 30 00:00 usr
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Oct 30 00:00 var

docker rm 删除容器

删除容器前，需要先停止容器 (docker stop)，否则会报错
或者使用 -f 参数强制删除

bash

# 强制删除
❯ docker rm nginx
Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container 29143181805fdc92ec8b9f1029fa709f1c4c9413c5991546100248fb9094eb6c. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove
❯ docker rm nginx -f
nginx
❯ docker ps -a --format "table {{.ID}}\t{{.Names}}\t{{.Image}}\t{{.Status}}"
CONTAINER ID   NAMES         IMAGE         STATUS
0b9bf3779b50   mysql         mysql         Up About an hour
39805df2c14c   goofy_allen   hello-world   Exited (0) About an hour ago

❯ docker rm mysql # 删除容器
Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container 0b9bf3779b5036c83b9a390cef5c860ad2d8d32c2bb6f69f6a450b0031a09570. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove
❯ docker stop mysql # 停止容器
mysql
❯ docker ps -a --format "table {{.ID}}\t{{.Names}}\t{{.Image}}\t{{.Status}}" # 查看容器
CONTAINER ID   NAMES         IMAGE         STATUS
0b9bf3779b50   mysql         mysql         Exited (0) 7 seconds ago
39805df2c14c   goofy_allen   hello-world   Exited (0) About an hour ago
❯ docker rm mysql
mysql
❯ docker ps -a --format "table {{.ID}}\t{{.Names}}\t{{.Image}}\t{{.Status}}"
CONTAINER ID   NAMES         IMAGE         STATUS
39805df2c14c   goofy_allen   hello-world   Exited (0) About an hour ago

docker rmi 删除镜像

bash

❯ docker rmi --help # 查看帮助

Usage:  docker rmi [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]

Remove one or more images

Aliases:
  docker image rm, docker image remove, docker rmi

Options:
  -f, --force      Force removal of the image
      --no-prune   Do not delete untagged parents
❯ docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
nginx         latest    c20060033e06   37 hours ago   187MB
mysql         latest    a3b6608898d6   9 days ago     596MB
hello-world   latest    9c7a54a9a43c   6 months ago   13.3kB
❯ docker rmi c20060033e06 # 删除镜像(或者使用 `docker rmi nginx:latest`)
Untagged: nginx:latest
Untagged: nginx@sha256:86e53c4c16a6a276b204b0fd3a8143d86547c967dc8258b3d47c3a21bb68d3c6
Deleted: sha256:c20060033e06f882b0fbe2db7d974d72e0887a3be5e554efdb0dcf8d53512647
Deleted: sha256:32cf0b3c70998330104acfc1a02f6aae2f8a728bc6ad91c2415fda501593fa81
Deleted: sha256:79cae367d5d42d54224c249db6a06234d077ea32168bed4261141c1016469623
Deleted: sha256:32b31b2b0563a28eb36f90bcd835540ead275b63cf48ed85e998a8df0b1845ff
Deleted: sha256:203226d708244adf6c392a28e22e3a7e276270da43094205137c404fc9949691
Deleted: sha256:9969d65d0618198425e0be29ec6194be71b36c856ce9fe2142dd54163aef6eae
Deleted: sha256:e9c1515f88f6e5652bde5583f0d1ddb7dd4097380aa66d90b722c53fbea3ebab
Deleted: sha256:ec983b16636050e69677eb81537e955ab927757c23aaf73971ecf5f71fcc262a
❯ docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
mysql         latest    a3b6608898d6   9 days ago     596MB
hello-world   latest    9c7a54a9a43c   6 months ago   13.3kB

docker save 保存镜像到本地压缩文件

bash

❯ docker save --help # 查看帮助

Usage:  docker save [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]

Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)

Aliases:
  docker image save, docker save

Options:
  -o, --output string   Write to a file, instead of STDOUT
❯ docker save -o hello-world.tar hello-world # 保存镜像到本地压缩文件
❯ ls -la hello-world.tar
-rw------- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 24064 Nov  3 02:13 hello-world.tar
❯ docker images # 查看本地镜像
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
mysql         latest    a3b6608898d6   9 days ago     596MB
hello-world   latest    9c7a54a9a43c   6 months ago   13.3kB
❯ docker rmi hello-world:latest # 删除镜像
Untagged: hello-world:latest
Untagged: hello-world@sha256:88ec0acaa3ec199d3b7eaf73588f4518c25f9d34f58ce9a0df68429c5af48e8d
Deleted: sha256:9c7a54a9a43cca047013b82af109fe963fde787f63f9e016fdc3384500c2823d
Deleted: sha256:01bb4fce3eb1b56b05adf99504dafd31907a5aadac736e36b27595c8b92f07f1
❯ docker images # 查看本地镜像
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
mysql        latest    a3b6608898d6   9 days ago     596MB

docker load 加载本地压缩文件到镜像

bash

❯ docker load --help

Usage:  docker load [OPTIONS]

Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN

Aliases:
  docker image load, docker load

Options:
  -i, --input string   Read from tar archive file, instead of STDIN
  -q, --quiet          Suppress the load output
❯ docker load -i hello-world.tar # 加载本地压缩文件到镜像
01bb4fce3eb1: Loading layer [==================================================>]  14.85kB/14.85kB
Loaded image: hello-world:latest
❯ docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
mysql         latest    a3b6608898d6   9 days ago     596MB
hello-world   latest    9c7a54a9a43c   6 months ago   13.3kB

案例练习

查看 nginx - Official Image | Docker Hub，拉取 Nginx 镜像，创建并运行 Nginx 容器
需求：
- 在 DockerHub 中搜索 Nginx 镜像，查看镜像的名称
- 拉取 Nginx 镜像 docker pull nginx 或 docker pull nginx:latest
- 查看本地镜像列表 docker images 或 docker image ls
- 创建并运行 Nginx 容器 docker run -d --name nginx -p 80:80 nginx
- 查看容器 docker ps -a
- 停止容器 docker stop nginx
- 再次启动容器 docker start nginx
- 进入 Nginx 容器 docker exec -it nginx /bin/bash
- 删除容器 docker stop nginx && docker rm nginx 或 docker rm nginx -f

bash

❯ dkpl nginx:1.25.3-alpine # docker pull nginx:1.25.3-alpine 拉取 nginx 镜像
1.25.3-alpine: Pulling from library/nginx
96526aa774ef: Already exists
740091335c74: Already exists
da9c2e764c5b: Already exists
ade17ad21ef4: Already exists
4e6f462c8a69: Already exists
1324d9977cd2: Already exists
1b9b96da2c74: Already exists
153aef7ca07f: Already exists
Digest: sha256:db353d0f0c479c91bd15e01fc68ed0f33d9c4c52f3415e63332c3d0bf7a4bb77
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:1.25.3-alpine
docker.io/library/nginx:1.25.3-alpine
❯ dkIls # docker images 查看本地镜像
REPOSITORY   TAG             IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
nginx        1.25.3-alpine   b135667c9898   4 weeks ago   47.7MB
❯ dk run -d --name nginx -p 80:80 nginx:1.25.3-alpine # 创建并运行 nginx 容器
4d3b9eff4034c62b043b842ebb4945dae3a5d1a25d6e982b3c9b146b9494266e
❯ dkpsf -a # docker ps -a 查看容器
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                 PORTS                               STATUS         NAMES
4d3b9eff4034   nginx:1.25.3-alpine   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp   Up 9 seconds   nginx
❯ dk stop nginx # docker stop nginx 停止容器
nginx
❯ dk start nginx # docker start nginx 启动容器
nginx
❯ dex nginx whoami # docker exec nginx whoami 进入容器查看当前用户
root
❯ dex nginx which sh # docker exec nginx which sh 进入容器查看 sh 路径
/bin/sh
❯ dk stop nginx && dk rm nginx # docker stop nginx && docker rm nginx 删除容器
nginx
❯ dkpsf -a # docker ps -a 查看容器
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     PORTS     STATUS    NAMES

05 Docker 基础 - 常见命令 ​

docker command ​

docker image command ​

docker container command ​

docker 常见命令 ​

docker 常见命令演示 ​

docker pull 拉取镜像 ​

docker images 查看本地镜像 ​

docker run 创建并运行容器 ​

docker ps 查看容器 ​

docker stop 停止指定容器 ​

docker start 启动指定容器 ​

docker restart 重新启动容器 ​

docker inspect 查看容器详细信息 ​

docker logs 查看容器运行日志 ​

docker exec 进入容器 ​

docker rm 删除容器 ​

docker rmi 删除镜像 ​

docker save 保存镜像到本地压缩文件 ​

docker load 加载本地压缩文件到镜像 ​

案例练习 ​

05 Docker 基础 - 常见命令

docker command

docker image command

docker container command

docker 常见命令

docker 常见命令演示

docker pull 拉取镜像

docker images 查看本地镜像

docker run 创建并运行容器

docker ps 查看容器

docker stop 停止指定容器

docker start 启动指定容器

docker restart 重新启动容器

docker inspect 查看容器详细信息

docker logs 查看容器运行日志

docker exec 进入容器

docker rm 删除容器

docker rmi 删除镜像

docker save 保存镜像到本地压缩文件

docker load 加载本地压缩文件到镜像

案例练习